The Appraisal Process
An appraisal is a third-party estimate of the
value of a piece of property at a particular point in time. It can
affirm your offer price or block your transaction entirely. Understand
how real estate appraisals and appraisers work so you can solve any
problems that come up.
All appraisals must conform to guidelines set
by the Federal Reserve, but every appraisal is ultimately a subjective
analysis of a property's current market value. True market value can be
difficult to ascertain in markets where prices are volatile and
properties vary widely. To determine current market value, an appraiser
will compare the price of your home with that of at least three
comparable homes that are in the area and have sold within the past six
months, then adjust for differences in the properties. An appraiser will
physically measure and inspect the home (which doesn't qualify as a home
inspection) to compare, and may also take photographs to include in the
report with floor plans and a site map.
Potential Problems
Inexperienced
appraisers with a lack of training can result in appraisal problems.
Appraisers are certified by the individual states under federal
guidelines, but only half the states require actual licenses. Most
states do, however, require appraisers to pass a written examination and
have 75 hours of continuing education and 2,000 hours of direct
experience through an apprenticeship. Most appraisers also have to abide
by professional and ethical standards set by industry organizations.